Is the AI-Era Productivity Shock Hurting Employment? A structural decomposition of technology and non-technology shocks, 1948–2026
Key Takeaways * A structural model estimated on 78 years of U.S. data separates two forces in the labor market: technology shocks, which permanently shift labor productivity, and non-technology shocks, which move employment and output together without any permanent effect on productivity. * Non-technology shocks — a broad category that includes monetary